PHARMACOLOGY
Section 1
General Pharmacological Principles
1. Biotransformation. (FEB 2011) (AUGUST 2012)
2. Define adverse drug reaction. Mention the various adverse drug reactions with examples. Explain the treatment of poisoning (AUGUST 2012)
OR
Enumerate various adverse drug reactions. Write in detail about any three adverse reactions.(FEB’18)
3. Biological half life. (AUG 2012)
4. Plasma half-life of drugs (FEB 2013)
5. Discuss in detail about the various route of administration with suitable examples. (AUG 2013)
OR
Enumerate the various routes of drug administration with suitable examples. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of oral route.(FEB’17)(FEB’19)
6. Drug tolerance (AUG’14)
7. Teratogenicity.(FEB’15)(FEB’20)
8. Microsomal enzyme induction(FEB’16)
9. Intravenous route of drug administration(AUG’17)
10. Special drug delivery systems(FEB’18)
11. Synergism(AUG’18)
12. Treatment of Anaphylactic Shock (AUG’19)
13. Tachyphylaxis(FEB’20)
14. Iatrogenic diseases(FEB’14)(AUG’16)
Section 2
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Nervous System
1. Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs. ( FEB 2012)
2. Cardio selective beta blockers (AUG’15)
3. Therapeutic uses of anticholinergic drugs (FEB’17)
4. Classify Beta Blockers. Write in detail about the Actions, Uses and Adverse reactions of Propranolol(FEB’19)
5. Adrenaline(FEB’20)
Section 3
Autacoids and Related Drugs
1. Second generation Antihistaminics.(FEB 2011)
2. Diclofenac sodium. ( FEB 2011)
3. Atenolol( August 2011)
4. Levocetrizine( August 2011)
5. Antihistamines (FEB 2012)(FEB’17)
6. Classify NSAIDS. Discuss the mechanism of action,uses, and adverse effects of acetyl salicylic acid.
OR
Classify non steroidal Anti inflammatory drugs. Explain the therapeutic uses and adverse reactions of Aspirin.(AUG’14)
OR
Classify Non Steroidal Anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Write in detail about the Uses and Adverse reaction of Paracetamol and its acute poisoning and treatment. (AUG’18)
7. Write brief note on the prevention of gastritis due to aspirin like drugs (AUGUST 2012)
8. Acute paracetamol poisoning (FEB 2013)(FEB’14)
9. Classify NSAIDS. Write the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of Ibuprofen. (AUG 2013)
10. Selective COX - 2 Inhibitors (FEB’15) OR Cox II Inhibitors(FEB’19)
11. Diclofenac sodium (FEB’16)
12. Cetirizine(FEB’16)
13. Uses of H1 blockers(AUG’16)
14. Paracetamol(FEB’17)
15. Aspirin(FEB’19)
16. Ibuprofen(AUG’19)
17. Low dose Aspirin(AUG’19)
18. Ketrolac(FEB’12)
19. Mefenamic acid(FEB’12)(AUG’17)
Section 4
Respiratory System Drugs
1. Ciprofloxacin (AUG 2012)(FEB’19)
2. Salbutamol (AUG’14)(FEB’16)(FEB’20)
3. Classify drugs used in Bronchial Asthma. Write in detail about the role of Glucocorticoids in Bronchial Asthma.(AUG’17)
Section 5
Hormones and Related Drugs
1. a) What are glucocorticoids? Mention them.
b) Describe the pharmacological actions adverse effects, indications and contraindications of hydrocortisone
c) Explain why glucocorticoid therapy should not be stopped abruptly? (FEB 2012)
2. Anabolic steroids (FEB 2013)
3. Enumerate the Antidiabetic drugs. Write the pharmacological actions, uses and adverse effects of Insulin. (FEB’14)
4. Enumerate Corticosteroids. Discuss the actions and uses of Glucocorticoids. Write briefly on the contraindications of steroids. (FEB15)
OR
Classify corticosteroids. Write in detail uses and adverse effects of Glucocorticoids(FEB’20)
5. Anabolic steroids(AUG’15)
6. Adverse effects of Glucocorticoids(FEB’16)
7. Newer Insulins(AUG’16)
8. Ketoconazole(AUG’16)
9. Sulfonyl Ureas(FEB’17)
10. Uses and adverse effects of hydrocortisone(FEB’18)
11. Metformin(AUG’18)
Section 6
Drugs acting on peripheral (somatic) nervous system
1. Explain the pharmacological basis of (FEB 2011)
(A) Lignocaine with Adrenaline.
2. Classify local anesthetics. Describe the mechanism of action, various routes of administration (with suitable illustrations) and uses of Lignocaine. Write how the action of Lignocaine can be prolonged. Add a note on the differences between Lignocaine and Cocaine (AUGUST 2011) (FEB’14)
(OR) Classify Local anesthetics. Write the various techniques by which L.A can be administered with therapeutic applications.(AUG’15)
3. Succinyl choline. ( AUGUST 2011)
4. Skeletal muscle relaxants (AUGUST 2011)(AUG’17)
5. Long acting local anaesthetics (FEB 2012)
6. Xylocaine. (AUG 2012)
7. Classify Local Anaesthetics. Explain the various local anaesthetic techniques with examples. Write briefly on lignocaine. (FEB 2013)
8. Centrally acting muscle relaxants(FEB 2013)
9. List any 4 techniques used in local anaesthesia (AUG 2013)
10. lassify general Anaesthetics. Discuss the various uses and adverse reactions of ketamine. (AUG’14)
11. Lignocaine (AUG’14)(AUG’17)(FEB’18)(AUG’18)
12. Lidocaine(FEB’15)
13. Local Anesthesia(AUG’16)
14. Ketamine(AUG’18)
15. Brief about the techniques used in Local anesthesia(FEB’19)
Section 7
Drugs Acting on Central Nervous System
1.Explain the pharmacological basis of (FEB 2011)
(A)Atropine as Preanaesthetic medication.
(B) Morphine in Acute left Ventricular failure.
2. Benzodiazepines.(FEB 2011)
3. Classify General anaesthetic drugs.
4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of ETHER.
5. Write briefly on “Preanaesthetic medication”. (AUGUST 2011)
6. Opioid antagonist. (AUG 2012)
7. Treatment of status epilepticus.(AUG 2012)
8. Phenytoin (FEB 2013)(AUG’19)
9. Dopamine (AUG 2013)
10. Ketamine (AUG’13)
11. Codeine (AUG 2013)
12. Pre anesthetic medication (FEB 2014) (AUG’15)
13. Naloxone(AUG’14)(AUG’19)
14. Diazepam(FEB’15)(AUG’16)(FEB’17,18)
15. Drug therapy of migraine(FEB’15)
16. Carbamazepine (AUG’15)
17. Fentanyl (FEB’16)(FEB’19)
18. Classify Sedative - Hypnotics, Write the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of Diazepam. Add a note on Benzodiazepine antagonist. (FEB’16)
OR
Classify Sedative hypnotics. Write in detail about of the Mechanism of action, Uses and Adverse reaction of Benzodiazepines and its antidote.(AUG’19)
19. lassify opioid analgesics. Write about the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of morphine.(AUG’16)
20.Atropine substitutes.(AUG’16)
21.Disulfiram(FEB’18)
22.Uses and Toxicities of morphine.(AUG’18)
23.Classify general anesthetics. Write in detail uses and adverse effects of
24.Halothane(FEB’20)
Section 8
Cardiovascular Drugs
1. Cefuroxime (AUG 2013)(FEB’20)
2. Nifedepine (AUG’14)
3. Spironolactone (AUG’14)
4. Digoxin(AUG’15)(FEB’20)
5. Calcium channel blockers(FEB’17)(AUG’19)
6. Nitroglycerine(AUG’17)(AUG’19)
7. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors(AUG’17)
8. Glyceryl trinitrate(FEB’18)
9. Captopril(FEB’19)
Section 9
Drugs Acting on Kidney
1. Furosemide (FEB2011) ( AUGUST 2011) (AUG 2012) (AUG’13) (FEB’18)
2. Thiazide diuretics (FEB 2013) (FEB 2014)
3. Potassium sparing diuretics(AUG’16)
Section 10
Drugs Affecting Blood and Blood Formation
1. Oral anticoagulants.( FEB 2011) (FEB’14)
2. Clopidogrel. (AUGUST 2011)
3. Local Hemostatics (FEB 2013)(AUG’17)
4. Heparin(FEB’15)
5. Low molecular weight Heparin.(FEB’16)(AUG’18)
6. Styptics(FEB’16)
7. Antiplatelet drugs(FEB’17)
8. Vitamin K(AUG’18)
9. Iron preparations(AUG’19)
Section 11
Gastrointestinal Drugs
1. Protonpump inhibitors. (FEB 2011) (AUG 2012) (FEB 2013)(FEB’16)
OR
Mechanism of action and uses of proton pump inhibitors(FEB’18)
2. Enumerate the drugs used in peptic ulcer. Write the mechanism of action with suitable diagram, uses, interactions and adverse effects of Proton pump inhibitors.
3. Add a list of drugs used in dental practice which can induce peptic ulcer and the agents that protect gastric mucosa. AUGUST (2011)
4. Domperidone (AUGUST 2011)
5. Osmatic Purgatives(FEB 2012)
6. Antiemetics (AUG 2012)
7. Omeprezole (AUG 2013)
8. Metoclopromide ( FEB’14)(AUG’14)
9. Prokinetic drugs (FEB’15)
10. Ranitidine(AUG’15)(FEB’20)
11. Classify drugs used in Peptic Ulcer. Write the mechanism of action, pharmacological actions, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors
OR
Classify drugs used for Peptic Ulcer. Write in details about actions uses and adverse drug action of proton pump inhibitors.(AUG’19)
12. Antiemetics(AUG’17)
13. Ondansetron(AUG’18)
Section 12
Antimicrobial Drugs
1. Classify Beta-Lactam Antibiotics. Explain the mechanism of action therapeutic uses and adverse effects of BENZYL PENICILLIN (Feb 2011)
OR
Classify Beta lactam Antibiotics. Write the Mechanism of action, Uses and Adverse reaction of Semisynthetic Pencillin.(AUG’18)
2. Methotrexate( FEB 2011) (AUG 2012)(FEB’18)
3. Co trimoxazole. (AUGUST 2011)(AUG’14)
4. Zidovudine (AUGUST 2011)
5. Ciprofloxacin (AUGUST 2011) (AUG 2012)
6. Chloroquine (AUGUST 2011)
7. Amoxycillin with Clavulanic acid. (FEB 2012) (FEB’14)(AUG’19)
8. Cephalosporins (FEB 2012)
9. Fluconazole (AUG 2012)
10.Enumerate beta lactam antibiotics. Discuss briefly the antibiotic spectrum, Mechanism of action, adverse effects and uses of Penicillin-G (FEB 2013)
OR
Classify beta – lactam antibiotics. Write the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of Ceftriaxone. (FEB-16)
11. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (FEB 2013)
12. Cefuroxime (AUG’13)
13. Metronidazole (FEB’14 ,15,16)(AUG’15)
14. numerate Aminoglycosides. Discuss their mechanism of action, adverse effects and uses. Elaborate the reasons for failure of antimicrobial therapy.(FEB’15)
15. General toxicity of anticancer drugs (FEB’15)
16. Third generation Cephalosporins (FEB’15) Classify Cephalosporins. Write the antibacterial spectrum, mechanism of action, adverse effects and uses of Ceftriaxone. (AUG’15)
17. Therapeutic Index(AUG’15)
18. Amoxycillin(AUG’15)(FEB’19)
19. Classify penicillin. Write the anti bacterial spectrum mechanism, adverse effects and uses of Amoxicillin.(AUG’16)
20. Streptokinase(AUG’16)
21. Rifampicin(AUG’16)
22. Aminoglycoside antibiotics(FEB’17)
23. Penicillin G(FEB’17)
24. Classify drugs used in Chemotherapy of Malignancy. Explain in detail about Methotrexate.(AUG’17)
25. Tetracyclines(AUG’17)
26. Topical Antifungal drugs(AUG’17) OR Antifungal agents(FEB’19)
27. Enumerate various adverse drug reactions. Write in detail about any three adverse reactions(FEB’18)
28. Ceftriaxone(FEB’18)
29. Adverse drug reactions of Anticancer drugs(FEB’19)
30. Nystatin(FEB’19)
31. Broad Spectrum Antibiotics(FEB’20)
Section 14
Miscellaneous Drugs
1. Chelating Agents (FEB 2012)
2. Antioxidant Vitamins (AUG 2013)
3. Desferrioxamine (AUG’14)
4. Astringents(AUG’14)
5. Dimercaprol (AUG’15)
6. Antiseptics(FEB’17)(FEB’20)
7. Anti oxidant Vitamins(AUG’19)
8. Vitamin- C(FEB’20)
Section 15
Dental Pharmacology
1. Pulp Mummifying agents(FEB’11)
2. Obtundents(AUG’18)
3. Dentifrices(FEB’18)
4. Chlorohexidine mouthwash (AUG’18)
5. Mouth wash(FEB’12) (FEB’14)
6. Fluorides(FEB’11)
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